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PowerShell Commands

Receive-Job

Receive-Job [-Job*] <Job[]> [[-ComputerName] <String[]>] [-AutoRemoveJob] [-Force] [-Keep] [-NoRecurse] [-Wait][-WriteEvents] [-WriteJobInResults] [<CommonParameters>]
Receive-Job [-Id*] <Int32[]> [-AutoRemoveJob] [-Force] [-Keep] [-NoRecurse] [-Wait] [-WriteEvents][-WriteJobInResults] [<CommonParameters>]
Receive-Job [-InstanceId*] <Guid[]> [-AutoRemoveJob] [-Force] [-Keep] [-NoRecurse] [-Wait] [-WriteEvents][-WriteJobInResults] [<CommonParameters>]
Receive-Job [-Job*] <Job[]> [[-Location] <String[]>] [-AutoRemoveJob] [-Force] [-Keep] [-NoRecurse] [-Wait][-WriteEvents] [-WriteJobInResults] [<CommonParameters>]
Receive-Job [-Job*] <Job[]> [[-Session] <PSSession[]>] [-AutoRemoveJob] [-Force] [-Keep] [-NoRecurse] [-Wait][-WriteEvents] [-WriteJobInResults] [<CommonParameters>]
Receive-Job [-Name*] <String[]> [-AutoRemoveJob] [-Force] [-Keep] [-NoRecurse] [-Wait] [-WriteEvents][-WriteJobInResults] [<CommonParameters>]

The Receive-Job cmdlet gets the results of Windows PowerShell background jobs, such as those started by using the Start-Job cmdlet or the AsJob parameter of any cmdlet. You can get the results of all jobs or identify jobs by their name, ID, instance ID, computer name, location, or session, or by submitting a job object.

When you start a Windows PowerShell background job, the job starts, but the results do not appear immediately. Instead, the command returns an object that represents the background job. The job object contains useful information about the job, but it does not contain the results. This method lets you continue to work in the session while the job runs. For more information about background jobs in Windows PowerShell, see about_Jobs.

The Receive-Job cmdlet gets the results that have been generated by the time that the Receive-Job command is submitted. If the results are not yet complete, you can run additional Receive-Job commands to get the remaining results.

By default, job results are deleted from the system when you receive them, but you can use the Keep parameter to save the results so that you can receive them again. To delete the job results, run the Receive-Job command again without the Keep parameter, close the session, or use the Remove-Job cmdlet to delete the job from the session.

Starting in Windows PowerShell 3.0, Receive-Job also gets the results of custom job types, such as workflow jobs and instances of scheduled jobs. To enable Receive-Job to get the results a custom job type, import the module that supports the custom job type into the session before it runs a Receive-Job command, either by using the Import-Module cmdlet or by using or getting a cmdlet in the module. For information about a particular custom job type, see the documentation of the custom job type feature.

Parameters

-AutoRemoveJob [<SwitchParameter>]

  • Default value is False
  • Accepts pipeline input False

Indicates that this cmdlet deletes the job after it returns the job results. If the job has more results, the job is still deleted, but Receive-Job displays a message.

This parameter works only on custom job types. It is designed for instances of job types that save the job or the type outside of the session, such as instances of scheduled jobs.

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

-ComputerName <String[]>

  • Default value is None
  • Accepts pipeline input ByPropertyName

Specifies an array of names of computers. This cmdlet gets the results of jobs that were run on the specified computers. Enter the computer names. Wildcard characters are supported. The default is all jobs in the current session.

This parameter selects from among the job results that are stored on the local computer. It does not get data from remote computers. To get job results that are stored on remote computers, use the Invoke-Command cmdlet to run a Receive-Job command remotely.

-Force [<SwitchParameter>]

  • Default value is False
  • Accepts pipeline input False

Indicates that this cmdlet continues waiting if jobs are in the Suspended or Disconnected state. By default, the Wait parameter of Receive-Job returns, or terminates the wait, when jobs are in one of the following states: Completed, Failed, Stopped, Suspended, or Disconnected.

The Force parameter is valid only when the Wait parameter is also used in the command.

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

-Id <Int32[]>

  • This value is required
  • Default value is None
  • Accepts pipeline input ByPropertyName

Specifies an array of IDs. This cmdlet gets the results of jobs with the specified IDs. The default is all jobs in the current session.

The ID is an integer that uniquely identifies the job in the current session. It is easier to remember and type than the instance ID, but it is unique only in the current session. You can type one or more IDs separated by commas. To find the ID of a job, type `Get-Job` without parameters.

-InstanceId <Guid[]>

  • This value is required
  • Default value is None
  • Accepts pipeline input ByPropertyName

Specifies an array of instance IDs. This cmdlet gets the results of jobs with the specified instance IDs. The default is all jobs in the current session.

An instance ID is a GUID that uniquely identifies the job on the computer. To find the instance ID of a job, use the Get-Job cmdlet.

-Job <Job[]>

  • This value is required
  • Default value is None
  • Accepts pipeline input ByPropertyName

Specifies the job for which results are being retrieved. This parameter is required in a Receive-Job command. Enter a variable that contains the job or a command that gets the job. You can also pipe a job object to Receive-Job .

-Keep [<SwitchParameter>]

  • Default value is False
  • Accepts pipeline input False

Indicates that this cmdlet saves the job results in the system, even after you have received them. By default, the job results are deleted when they are retrieved.

To delete the results, use Receive-Job to receive them again without specifying Keep parameter, close the session, or use the Remove-Job cmdlet to delete the job from the session.

-Location <String[]>

  • Default value is None
  • Accepts pipeline input False

Specifies an array of locations. This cmdlet gets only the results of jobs in the specified locations. The default is all jobs in the current session.

-Name <String[]>

  • This value is required
  • Default value is None
  • Accepts pipeline input ByPropertyName

Specifies an array of friendly names. This cmdlet gets the results of jobs that have the specified names. Wildcard characters are supported. The default is all jobs in the current session.

-NoRecurse [<SwitchParameter>]

  • Default value is False
  • Accepts pipeline input False

Indicates that this cmdlet gets results only from the specified job. By default, Receive-Job also gets the results of all child jobs of the specified job.

-Session <PSSession[]>

  • Default value is None
  • Accepts pipeline input ByPropertyName

Specifies an array of sessions. This cmdlet gets the results of jobs that were run in the specified Windows PowerShell session ( PSSession ). Enter a variable that contains the PSSession or a command that gets the PSSession , such as a Get-PSSession command. The default is all jobs in the current session.

-Wait [<SwitchParameter>]

  • Default value is False
  • Accepts pipeline input False

Indicates that this cmdlet suppresses the command prompt until all job results are received. By default, Receive-Job immediately returns the available results.

By default, the Wait parameter waits until the job is in one of the following states: Completed, Failed, Stopped, Suspended, or Disconnected. To direct the Wait parameter to continue waiting if the job state is Suspended or Disconnected, use the Force parameter together with the Wait parameter.

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

-WriteEvents [<SwitchParameter>]

  • Default value is False
  • Accepts pipeline input False

Indicates that this cmdlet reports changes in the job state while it waits for the job to finish.

This parameter is valid only when the Wait parameter is used in the command and the Keep parameter is omitted.

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

-WriteJobInResults [<SwitchParameter>]

  • Default value is False
  • Accepts pipeline input False

Indicates that this cmdlet returns the job object followed by the results.

This parameter is valid only when the Wait parameter is used in the command and the Keep parameter is omitted.

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

<CommonParameters>

This cmdlet supports the common parameters: Verbose, Debug,ErrorAction, ErrorVariable, WarningAction, WarningVariable,OutBuffer, PipelineVariable, and OutVariable.

Inputs
System.Management.Automation.Job
You can pipe job objects to this cmdlet.
Outputs
PSObject
This cmdlet returns the results of the commands in the job.
Examples
  1. Get results for a particular job:
    PS C:\> $job = Start-Job -ScriptBlock {Get-Process}
    PS C:\> Receive-Job -Job $job
    

    These commands use the Job parameter of Receive-Job to get the results of a particular job.

    The first command uses the Start-Job cmdlet to start a job that runs a Get-Process command. The command uses the assignment operator (=) to save the resulting job object in the $job variable.

    The second command uses the Receive-Job cmdlet to get the results of the job. It uses the Job parameter to specify the job.

  2. Get results for a particular job by using the pipeline:
    PS C:\> $job = Start-Job -ScriptBlock {Get-Process}
    PS C:\> $job | Receive-Job
    

    This example is the same as the previous example, except that the command uses a pipeline operator (|) to send the job object to Receive-Job . As a result, the command does not need a Job parameter to specify the job.

  3. Get results of several background jobs:
    1. The first command uses the Invoke-Command cmdlet to start a background job that runs a Get-Service command on three remote computers:
      PS C:\> $j = Invoke-Command -ComputerName Server01, Server02, Server03 -ScriptBlock {Get-Service} -AsJob
      

      The command uses the *AsJob* parameter to run the command as a background job. The command saves the resulting job object in the $j variable.When you use the *AsJob* parameter of **Invoke-Command** to start a job, the job object is created on the local computer, even though the job runs on the remote computers. As a result, you use local commands to manage the job.Also, when you use *AsJob*, Windows PowerShell returns one job object that contains a child job for each job that was started. In this case, the job object contains three child jobs, one for each job on each remote computer.

    2. The second command uses the dot method to display the value of the **ChildJobs** property of the job object in $j:
      PS C:\> $j.ChildJobs
      
         Id   Name     State      HasMoreData   Location       Command
         --   ----     -----      -----------   --------       -------
         2    Job2     Completed  True          Server01       Get-Service
         3    Job3     Completed  True          Server02       Get-Service
         4    Job4     Completed  True          Server03       Get-Service

      The display shows that the command created three child jobs, one for the job on each remote computer.

    3. The third command uses the **Receive-Job** cmdlet to get the results of the Job3 child job that ran on the Server02 computer:
      PS C:\> Receive-Job -Name Job3 -Keep
      
         Status  Name        DisplayName                        PSComputerName
         ------  ----------- -----------                        --------------
         Running AeLookupSvc Application Experience             Server02
         Stopped ALG         Application Layer Gateway Service  Server02
         Running Appinfo     Application Information            Server02
         Running AppMgmt     Application Management             Server02

      It uses the *Name* parameter to specify the name of the child job and the *Keep* parameter to save the job results even after they are received.These commands get the results of one of several background jobs run on remote computers.

  4. Get results of background jobs on multiple remote computers:
    1. The first command uses the New-PSSession cmdlet to create three user-managed sessions (**PSSessions**), one on each of the servers specified in the command:
      PS C:\> $s = new-pssession -computername Server01, Server02, Server03
      

      It saves the sessions in the $s variable.

    2. The second command uses the **Invoke-Command** cmdlet to run a **Start-Job** command in each of the **PSSessions** in the $s variable:
      PS C:\> $j = invoke-command -session $s -scriptblock {start-job -scriptblock {get-eventlog -logname system}}
      

      The job runs a Get-EventLog command that gets the events in the System log. The command saves the results in the $j variable.Because the command used **Invoke-Command** to run the **Start-Job** command, the command actually started three independent jobs on each of the three computers. As a result, the command returned three job objects representing three jobs run locally on three different computers.

    3. The third command displays the three job objects in $j:
      PS C:\> $j
      
         Id   Name     State      HasMoreData   Location   Command
         --   ----     -----      -----------   --------   -------
         1    Job1     Completed  True          Localhost  get-eventlog system
         2    Job2     Completed  True          Localhost  get-eventlog system
         3    Job3     Completed  True          Localhost  get-eventlog system
    4. The fourth command uses Invoke-Command to run a **Receive-Job** command in each of the sessions in $s and save the results in the $Results variable.Because $j is a local variable, the script block uses the **Using** scope modifier to identify the $j variable:
      PS C:\> $results = Invoke-Command -Session $s -ScriptBlock {Receive-Job -Job $Using:j}
      

      For more information about the **Using** scope modifier, see about_Remote_Variables (http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=252653).This example shows how to get the results of background jobs run on three remote computers.

Additional Notes

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International. It is attributed to Microsoft Corporation and can be found here.

PowerShell Commands